Log message analysis of Qmail :

You'll get path of the log message from /etc/syslog.conf. If it's not there then the path is : /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog. Just try to do tail -f /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog and send message :Here's a typical log sequence for a message sent to a remote system from the local system:1 @4000000038c3eeb027f41c7c new msg 938692 @4000000038c3eeb027f6b0a4 info msg 93869: bytes 2343 from qp 18695 uid 494913 @4000000038c3eeb02877ee94 starting delivery 2392: msg 93869 to remote lwq@w3.to4 @4000000038c3eeb0287b55ac status: local 0/10 remote 1/205...

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Directory structure of Qmail :-

[root@ds1130 var]# tree qmail/ | grep [a-zA-Z]qmail/|-- alias|-- bin| |-- autoresponder| |-- bouncesaying| |-- cmd5checkpw| |-- condredirect| |-- datemail| |-- elq| |-- except| |-- forward| |-- maildir2mbox| |-- maildirmake| |-- maildirwatch| |-- mailsubj| |-- matchup| |-- mm_wrapper| |-- pinq| |-- predate| |-- preline| |-- qail| |-- qbiff| |-- qmail-clean| |-- qmail-dk| |-- qmail-getpw| |-- qmail-inject| |-- qmail-local| |-- qmail-local.moved| |-- qmail-local.plesk| |-- qmail-lspawn| |--...

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How to install Qmail?

1. Qmailqmail is a secure, reliable, efficient, simple message transfer agent. It is meant as a replacement for the entire sendmail-binmail system on typical Internet-connected UNIX hosts.Secure: Security isn't just a goal, but an absolute requirement. Mail delivery is critical for users; it cannot be turned off, so it must be completely secure.Reliable: qmail's straight-paper-path philosophy guarantees that a message, once accepted into the system, will never be lost. qmail also supports maildir, a new, super-reliable user mailbox format. Maildirs,...

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How to configure alias, forwarder, virtual domain etc in Qmail?

Take some parameters :Server : titanic_mail.comLocal domain : disco.comRemote domain : gmail.com or ureka.comIP : Remote IP : 209.85.231.83 or 82.98.86.164A/c : test123@disco.comA/c : testremote@ureka.com1. Forwarding e-mail to another host :a. Go to /var/qmail/control directory.b. Put entries in /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts like: disco.comc. Now go to /var/qmail/control/smtproutes and put disco.com:gmail.com or disco.com :ureka.com //will forward to remote server.d. Or disco.com : 209.85.231.83 or disco.com : 209.85.231.83:1027 //Port mentioned.2....

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How to configure alias, forwarder, virtual domain etc with Qmail?

Take some parameters :Server : titanic_mail.comLocal domain : disco.comRemote domain : gmail.com or ureka.comIP : Remote IP : 209.85.231.83 or 82.98.86.164A/c : test123@disco.comA/c : testremote@ureka.com1. Forwarding e-mail to another host :a. Go to /var/qmail/control directory.b. Put entries in /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts like: disco.comc. Now go to /var/qmail/control/smtproutes and put disco.com:gmail.com or disco.com :ureka.com //will forward to remote server.d. Or disco.com : 209.85.231.83 or disco.com : 209.85.231.83:1027 //Port mentioned.2....

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Qmail : How does it work ?

Qmail programs & configuration filesQmail works using about 15 small programs. It also uses a pretty large number of configuration files. At the beginning, this may appear as quite confusing. Once you are familiarised with these configuration files & programs, qmail administration will be easier.Qmail programsQmail continuously runs 5 daemons. Remaining 10 programs are launched by these 5 daemons as and when required.Let us see which are the 5 daemons.1. qmail-send2. qmail-lspawn3. qmail-rspawn4. qmail-clean5. tcpserverHow Qmail works1....

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Cannot lock Container

check lock file and remove PID :vi /vz/lock/434.lkps aux | grep vz //check vzquota is running , kill the proc...

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Make swap partition

1. First, create an empty file which will serve as a swap file by issuing the following command:dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap bs=1024 count=1048576where /swap is the desired name of the swap file, and count=1048576 sets the size to 1024 MB swap (for 512 MB use 524288 respectively).2. Set up a Linux swap area with:mkswap /swapOld versions of mkswap needed the size of the swap file/partition, but with newer ones it’s better not to specify it at all since a small typo can erase the whole disk.3. It’s wise to set the permissions as follows:chmod 0600 /swap4....

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Automatic adjustment of Container

Automatic adjustmentFIXME: vzcfgvalidate -r|-i -r Enter the correction mode to fix the wrong resources configuration.-i Enter the interactive correction mo...

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MLAT/cpulimit/cpuunits

http://wiki.openvz.org/User_Guide/Managing_Resources#Managing_CPU_Share //Referred Resource control VPS :The root cause of this problem was high "MLAT" value in his container (as shown by vzstat). This was happening due to this resource setting of his VPS: cpulimit = 50% & cpus = 4. I have now changed his cpulimit to 400%. After some research, I found that cpulimit works on PER-CPU basis. So, for 1 CPU, cpulimit = 100% means "fully use 1 CPU". But when you have 4 CPUs, you must specify cpulimit = 400% to "fully use ALL 4 CPUs".So,...

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Validating Container Configuration(VPS)

Validating Container Configuration : -# vzcfgvalidate /etc/vz/conf/101.confThe utility checks constraints on the resource management parameters and displays all the constraint violations found. There can be three levels of violation severity:Recommendation >> This is a suggestion, which is not critical for Container or Hardware Node operations. The configuration is valid in general; however, if the system has enough memory, it is better to increase the settings as advised.----------Warning >>A constraint is not satisfied, and the configuration...

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Monitoring Memory Consumption

Monitoring Memory Consumption : You can monitor a number of memory parameters for the whole Hardware Node and for particular Containers with the help of the vzmemcheck utility. For example:# vzmemcheck...

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Monitor resources usage of VPS

1. Monitoring System Resources Consumption : It is possible to check the system resource control parameters statistics from within a Container. The primary use of these statistics is to understand what particular resource has limits preventing an application to start. Moreover, these statistics report the current and maximal resources consumption for the running Container. This information can be obtained from the /proc/user_beancounters file.command #vzctl exec 101 cat /proc/user_beancountersThe failcnt column displays the number of unsuccessful...

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Managa VPS resources :

7. Managing Container CPU resources :- The current section explains the CPU resource parameters that you can configure and monitor for each Container.The table below provides the name and the description for the CPU parameters. The File column indicates whether the parameter is defined in the OpenVZ global configuration file (G) or in the CT configuration files (V). parameter Description File======================================================A)ve0cpuunits >> determines the minimal guaranteed share of the CPU time Container 0 (the...

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Virtuzoo commands

[root@test /]#vzctl start/stop/restart 101 // start the VPS 101[root@test /]#vzctl enter 101 // enter into 101 VPS[root@101 /]#exit // log out from 101 VPS[root@test /]#vzlist // display the list of active VPS’s[root@test /]#vzlist -a // display the list of all VPS’s[root@test /]#vzcalc -v 101 // show resources usage on VPS[root@test /]#vzctl exec 101 df...

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Increase connection speed of FTP server

IdentLookups offUseReverseDNS offQuotas onAllowStoreRestart onAllowRetrieveRestart onTimeoutIdle 1800Create a proftpd.include2 with the following details:IdentLookups offUseReverseDNS offQuotas onAllowStoreRestart onAllowRetrieveRestart onTimeoutIdle 1800Enter the following line in the proftpd.confInclude /etc/proftpd.include2restart ftp...

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Add IP and route

Commands :[root@morgan]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.99.14 netmask 255.255.255.0 up[root@morgan]# route add default gw 192.168.99.254 //gateway addAdding a static route with route :[root@morgan]# route add -net 192.168.98.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.99.1Removing a static network route and adding a static host route :[root@morgan]# route del -net 192.168.98.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.99.1[root@morgan]# route add -net 192.168.98.42 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 192.168.99.1 //for network[root@morgan]# route add -host 192.168.98.42 gw ...

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Plesk Config & Binary file

Plesk Config & Binary fileLinux : ===========================================================# Plesk treePRODUCT_ROOT_D - /usr/local/psa==================================================# Directory of SysV-like Plesk initscriptsPRODUCT_RC_D - /etc/init.d /etc/psa/psa.conf // common config file /etc/psa/.psa.shadow // admin password file /var/log // common log file /etc/local/psa/admin/logs //plesk log file...

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Exim comman cheet sheet

URL : http://bradthemad.org/tech/notes/exim_cheatsheet....

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spam check on linux server

Check spamming is occurring or spam is issuing from the server or not : node #ps -C exim -fH ewww|awk '{for(i=1;i<=40;i++){print $i}}'|sort|uniq -c|grep PWD|sort -nnode # grep "cwd=" /var/log/exim_mainlog|awk '{for(i=1;i<=10;i++){print $i}}'|sort|uniq -c|grep cwd|sort -n======Check on qmail server : Find ID :1. for i in `/var/qmail/bin/qmail-qread | awk '{print $6}'|cut -d# -f2`; do find /var/qmail/queue -iname $i; done> test 2. for i in `cat test`; do grep -irl "GoodFaith Proposal" $i; done //output of queue whic containsthat...

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How to create swap space on linux system?

1. First, create an empty file which will serve as a swap file by issuing the following command:dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap bs=1024 count=1048576where /swap is the desired name of the swap file, and count=1048576 sets the size to 1024 MB swap (for 512 MB use 524288 respectively).2. Set up a Linux swap area with:mkswap /swapOld versions of mkswap needed the size of the swap file/partition, but with newer ones it’s better not to specify it at all since a small typo can erase the whole disk.3. It’s wise to set the permissions as follows:chmod 0600 /swap4....

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Resource control hardware node

Resource control hardware node :The root cause of this problem was high "MLAT" value in his container (as shown by vzstat). This was happening due to this resource setting of his VPS: cpulimit = 50% & cpus = 4. I have now changed his cpulimit to 400%. After some research, I found that cpulimit works on PER-CPU basis. So, for 1 CPU, cpulimit = 100% means "fully use 1 CPU". But when you have 4 CPUs, you must specify cpulimit = 400% to "fully use ALL 4 CPUs".So, if there are 16 CPUs , cpulimit = 1600% ie CPULIMIT = 1600 "fully use ALL...

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List iptable rules

List iptable rules:iptables -n -L (-n prevents slow reverse DNS lookup)Reject all from an IP Address:iptables -A INPUT -s 136.xxx.xxx.xxx -d 136.xxx.xxx.xxx -j REJECTAllow in SSH:iptables -A INPUT -d 136.xxx.xxx.xxx -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPTIf Logging - Insert Seperate Line *BEFORE* the ACCEPT / REJECT / DROPiptables -A INPUT -d 136.xxx.xxx.xxx -p tcp --dport 3306 -j LOGiptables -A INPUT -d 136.xxx.xxx.xxx -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPTBlock All:iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT===============Remove / Delete an individual /single Iptable Rule iptables...

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Virtuozzo Command Line Utilities

Virtuozzo Command Line Utilities : The table below contains the full list of Virtuozzo command-line utilities.General utilities are intended for performing day-to-day maintenance tasks:vzctlUtility to control Containers.vzlistUtility to view a list of Containers existing on the Node with additional information.vzquotaUtility to control Virtuozzo Containers disk quotas.Licensing utilities allow you to install a new license, view the license state, generate a license request for a new license:vzlicviewUtility to display the Virtuozzo license status...

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Virtuozzo Configuration Files

Virtuozzo Configuration Files :There are a number of files responsible for the Virtuozzo system configuration. Most of the files are located in the /etc directory on the Hardware Node. However, some configuration files are stored in the /etc directory inside the Service Container, on the Backup Node, inside a Container, or on a dedicated server. In case a configuration file is located in a place other than the Hardware Node, we point clearly the exact position (the Service Container, etc.) where it can be found.A list of configuration files is...

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